HOX DataBase

. Antennapedia-like HOX genes

Evolution of Antp-like HOX genes
Tree of homeobox classes (according to Thomas Burglin)
... Phylogenetic tree for Antp-like genes
... HOX clusters (families, linkage groups, loci)
... HOX subfamilies

.... Abd-A subfamily, Abd-B subfamily, Antp subfamily, Dfd subfamily, lab subfamily, pb subfamily, Scr subfamily, Ubx subfamily, Zen subfamily

... Msx-1 gene

Cdx genes
. Dbx gene
.Dlx gene
Engrailed-like genes: En-1 and En-2 genes
. Evx1 and Evx2 genes
. PAX-family

.. Pax-1 to Pax-9 genes
.. Pax-9 gene in limb buds (Neubuser et al., 1995)

. Homeo domain proteins

.. Homeo Domain

... HomeoDomain Structure
... Consensus Sequence (according to Thomas Burglin)

.. Homeo domain - DNA interactions

Targets for Hox-2.4 & -2.5 gene products

.. Homeo domain proteins competition
.. Homeo domain proteins dimerization

. Coordinate HOX regulation in hematopoietic cells
Signal Transduction and HOX genes
.Structure of HOX genes

.. Promoters (HoxA4)

... Multiple target sites

.... Sp1 binding sites
.... USF (MLTF) binding sites

... HOX enhancers

.... Promoter response elements

..... Glucocorticoids Response Elements (GRE)
..... Thyroids Response Elements (TRE)
..... Heat Shock Elements (HSE)
..... Retinoic Acid Response Elements (RARE)

.... Retinoic Acid and N-ras oncogene

.. Intergenic regions

. Site-specific transcription factors

.. Transcription factor - enhancer interactions
.. Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1 alfa
.. Nuclear receptors

... Steroid-theroid-retinoid superfamily

.... Retinoids Receptors

..... Retinoic Acid Receptors (RARs)
..... Retinoid X Receptors (RXRs)

. Retinoic Acid (RA)

.. Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Proteins (CRAPB I, CRAPB II)
.. Cellular Retinol Binding Proteins (CRPB I, CRPB II)

.LIMB MORPHOGENESIS

.. HOX Genes in Limb Development

.. HoxA expression
.. HoxA-11 & HoxD-11
.. HoxB-5 in specifying the limb position
..HoxA-9 and HoxD-9 in forelimb
.. HoxD-11 destruction
.. HoxB-8 in ZPA formation
HoxD genes in limb development
.. Msx-1 expression
.. Gnot-1 expression
.. Sonic hedgehog in limb development

.. Polydactily

.. Luxoid Polydactily

.Teratogenesis

.. Congenital malformations

... Craniofacial structures
... Neural crest cells

.... Neural tube

... Limb defects

. Morphogens

.. Retinoids
.. Homeodomain proteins

. Patterns of HOX genes expression

.. Spatial expression patterns

... positional information
... physiological gradients

.. Antero-posterior patterning

Hox gene autoinducing activities

.. Rostro-caudal patterning

... Rhombdomeres

Hox genes expression in CNS
.. Temporal expression pattern

. Transgenes

.. Targeted disruption of the HOX genes

... HOX-1.6 disruption
... HOX-1.5 disruption